The number system plays an important role in computer calculations. The number system is an organized and systematic way of representing numbers. number systems are basically of two types: non-positional and positional number systems.
Types of Computer Number Systems
1. Non-positional number system
The non-positional number system is the one in which the symbol that is used to represent the number will have its own place value. In a non-positional number system, each number in each position does not have to be positional itself.
Every system varies by country and it depends on symbols and values set by the people of that country. The most common non-positional number system is the Roman number system. It is a system of representing numbers devised by the ancient Romans. It is based on the 14 letters which are given values as numerals.
2. Positional number system
The opposition number system is the one in which each position is related to the next by a constant multiplier of that number system. For each position that the number is in, that system has a relative symbol or meaning, and in our way relates to the number directly next to it.
The total value of a positive number is the total of the resultant values of all positions. The main position number system used in the computer are decimal binary octal and hexadecimal.
3. Binary number system
A digital computer represents all kinds of data and information in the binary number system. A binary number system consists of two digits 0 and 1. Its base is 2. Each digit Orbit in the binary number system can be 0 or 1. A combination of a binary number may be used to represent different quantities like 1001. The weight of each position is a power of 2.
4. Decimal number system
The decimal number system is a positional number system having a base of 10. It utilizes the symbol of the number from 0 to 9. It is also called the Denary number system. For example, if we consider the number 257, the digit 7 represents the number of units, 5 represents the number of tens, and to represents the number of hundreds.
5. Octal number system
The system is a position number system having base 8. It utilizes the digits from 0 to 7. it is known as the ternary number system. Doctor system is used in computing as simple means of expressing binary quantities.
6. Hexadecimal number system
The decimal number system is a positional number system having a base of 16. The symbols used in the systems are the decimal digits 0 through 9 and six additional digits are generally represented as A, B, C, D, E, and F. It is also known as the hexadecimal number system.
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