Flowcharts and it's types 2021

 A flowchart is a diagrammatic representation that shows the logical flow of a program. It uses predefined symbols to represent the logic, data, and processing steps of a program. It is designed before the program returns to ensure that the instruction is accurate and logically integrated. Flowcharts verify and integrate elements of a program before writing the program.

The system designer and programmer use two types of flow charts, They are:

System flowchart

System flowchart plays a vital role in system analysis. It is a diagram that shows the overview of a data flow and sequence of operations in a system. It illustrates graphically the element, and characteristics of a system, and expresses its structure and relationship in terms of flowchart symbols. These symbols describe the sequence of the measure processing operation, both manual and computer, data flow and the files to be used in the processing and the flow of purchasing control.

It allows the system analyst to conveniently experiment with alternative data flow plans during the system design stage. It also provides graphic Are chords to serve as a guide during the implementation of a modified or newly designed business system.

Program flowchart

The program flowchart is a detailed diagram showing how individual processing step to will be performed within the computer to convert input data into the desired result.

It is a process of breaking down the design specifications into the specific input and output, text manipulation and calculation, logic and comparison, storage, and readable to satisfy the different users. It helps the programmer in developing program logic and to serve as documentation for future reference for a completed program.

Advantages of a flowchart

The foreign advantages may be obtained when a flowchart is used for the purpose of program planning.

• The flowchart helps the programmer in developing the program logic and serves as documentation for future reference for a completed program.
  
• It assistant reviewing and debugging a program.
  
• It helps to detect deficiencies in the program's statement.
  
• It helps in the discussion of a solution and others or in explaining the program to others.
  
• It serves as a guide for program coding
  

Disadvantages of flowchart

Despite their advantages, flowcharts have some limitations which are as follows

• If the logic of a problem is complex, the flowcharts tend to become lengthy and clumsy.
• Drawing a flowchart is time-consuming
  
• Making changes in the flowchart is not an easy job. Redrawing of a flow chart is required.
  
• The flowchart cannot be directly converted into program code

Rules for designing a flowchart

The American Standard Institute(ANSI), has recommended some general principles to help standardize the design of a flowchart. Some of the rules and islands are as follows:

• Always concentrate on the main logic of the problem.
  
• After completing the main logic, concentrate on the branches and loops.
  
• Use only one start and stop point.
  
• Avoid using computer language in the flowchart.
  
• The terms used in the flowcharts should be unambiguous so that any programmer can easily understand the logic.
  
• flow Lines should not cross each other.
  
• The arrowheads are used to indicate the direction of the flow of control in the problem. The general direction of flow in any flowchart is from top to bottom or from left to right.
  
• The connectors joining the different pages must be adequately referenced while drawing a flowchart on more than one sheet of paper.